According to different molding methods, plastic mold processing mold types corresponding to different process requirements can be divided, mainly including injection molding molds, extrusion molding molds, plastic molding molds, high-foam polystyrene molding molds, etc.
1. Plastic injection (plastic) mold
It is mainly a molding mold most commonly used in the production of thermoplastic plastic parts. The processing equipment corresponding to plastic injection molds is a plastic injection molding machine. The plastic is first heated and melted in the heating barrel at the bottom of the injection machine, and then in the screw of the injection machine. Or pushed by the plunger, enter the mold cavity through the injection system of the injection machine nozzle and the mold, the plastic is cooled and hardened, and the product is released from the mold. Its structure is usually composed of molded parts, pouring system, guide parts, ejection mechanism, temperature adjustment system, exhaust system, support parts and so on. The manufacturing materials are usually plastic mold steel modules. The commonly used materials are mainly carbon structural steel, carbon tool steel, alloy tool steel, high-speed steel, etc. The injection molding processing method is usually only suitable for the production of thermoplastic products. The plastic products produced by the injection molding process are very wide. From daily necessities to various complicated machinery, electrical appliances, vehicle parts, etc., are formed by injection molding. It is the most widely used processing method in the production of plastic products.
2. Plastic compression mould
Including compression molding and injection molding two structural mold types. They are a type of mold mainly used for molding thermosetting plastics, and the corresponding equipment is a pressure molding machine. According to the characteristics of plastics, the compression molding method heats the mold to the molding temperature (generally between 103 ° and 108 °), and then puts the measured compression molding powder into the mold cavity and the charging chamber, and closes the mold. The plastic is under high heat and high pressure It is softened and viscous, solidified and shaped after a certain period of time, and it becomes the desired product shape. The difference between compression injection molding and compression molding is that there is a separate feeding chamber. Before molding, the mold is closed first. The plastic is preheated in the feeding chamber in a viscous state. Under pressure, it is adjusted into the mold cavity and hardened. Compression molds are also used to mold some special thermoplastics such as difficult-to-melt thermoplastics (such as polyvinyl fluoride) blanks (cold compression molding), resin lenses with high optical performance, slightly foamed nitrocellulose automobile steering wheels, etc. . Compression mold is mainly composed of cavity, feeding cavity, guide mechanism, ejecting parts, heating system and so on. Pressure injection molds are widely used to encapsulate electrical components. The materials used in the manufacture of compression molds are basically the same as injection molds.
3. Plastic extrusion die
A type of mold used to produce continuous-shaped plastic products, also known as extrusion molding heads, is widely used in the processing of pipes, rods, monofilaments, plates, films, wire and cable coatings, and shaped materials. The corresponding production equipment is a plastic extruder, the principle of which is that solid plastic is melted and plasticized under the conditions of heating and screw rotation and pressure of the extruder, and is made into a section with the same shape as the shape of the die by a specific shape of the die Continuous plastic products. Its manufacturing materials mainly include carbon structural steel, alloy tools, etc. Some extrusion dies are also inlaid with diamond and other wear-resistant materials on the parts that need to be wear-resistant. Extrusion process technology is usually only applicable to the production of thermoplastic products, which is significantly different from injection molds and compression molds in structure.
4. Plastic blow mould
It is a mold for molding hollow products of plastic containers (such as various packaging containers such as beverage bottles and daily necessities). The form of blow molding mainly includes extrusion blow molding hollow molding and injection blow molding hollow molding according to the process principle. , Injection stretch blow molding hollow molding (commonly known as “injection stretch blow molding”), multilayer blow molding hollow molding, sheet blow molding hollow molding, etc. The equipment corresponding to the blow molding of hollow products is usually called a plastic blow molding machine. Blow molding is only suitable for the production of thermoplastic products. The structure of the blow mold is relatively simple, and the materials used are mostly made of carbon.
5. Plastic blister mould
It is a mold that uses plastic plates and sheets as raw materials to form some simpler plastic products. The principle is to use vacuum blooming methods or compressed air molding methods to make the plastic plates and sheets fixed on the concave or convex mold Under the condition of heating and softening, it deforms and sticks to the cavity of the mold to obtain the desired molded product, which is mainly used in the production of some daily necessities, food, and toy packaging products. The plastic mold has lower pressure during molding, so the mold material is mostly made of cast aluminum or non-metallic materials, and the structure is relatively simple.
6. High foam polystyrene mould
It is a mold that uses expandable polystyrene (beads composed of polystyrene and foaming agent) to form foam packaging materials of various shapes. The principle is that expandable polystyrene can be steam-formed in the mold, including two types of simple manual operation mold and hydraulic machine straight-through foam plastic mold. It is mainly used to produce packaging products for industrial products. The materials for manufacturing such molds are cast aluminum, stainless steel, bronze and so on.